Non-invasive topical delivery of plasmid DNA to the skin using a peptide carrier

Abstract

Topical delivery to skin is an essential step in non-invasive application of nucleic acid therapeutics for cutaneous disorders. The barrier posed by different layers of the skin - stratum corneum on top followed by the viable epidermis below - makes it extremely challenging for large hydrophilic molecules like nucleic acids to efficiently enter the uncompromised skin. We report an amphipathic peptide Mgpe9 (CRRLRHLRHHYRRRWHRFRC) that can penetrate the uncompromised skin, enter skin cells and deliver plasmid DNA efficiently as nanocomplexes in vitro and in vivo without any additional physical or chemical interventions prevalent currently. We observe efficient gene expression up to the highly proliferating basal layer of the skin without observable adverse reactions or toxic effects after delivery of reporter plasmids. The entry mechanism of nanocomplexes possibly involves reversible modulation of junction proteins accompanied by transient changes in skin structure. This peptide holds potential to be used as an efficient transporter of therapeutic nucleic acids to the skin.